Letters of Muhammad

LETTER TO NEGUS, KING OF ETHIOPIA

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad (S.A.W.) Prophet of Allah to Negus King of Ethiopia.

I praise Allah, except Whom there is none to be worshipped, who is the Ruler of the world. He is innocent and pure free from all blemishes, defects, flaws, or shortcomings). He gives refuge and sustains all.

I do admit that Isa (Jesus) (A.S.) son of Mariam (Mary), was the soul from Allah and His word (Order), he was infused to Mariam, who was clean and proof against evil. And Isa(A.S.) was born of Mariam. Allah created him from His soul and breath in the same manner as He created Adam(A.S.) with His own hand. I invite you towards Allah the One who has no associate. Believe in Him and join me in obedience to Him. Follow me and accept my prophethood because I am the Messenger of Allah. I have wished - you well in conveying the message of Allah in all sincerity. It is up you to accept my sympathetic advice. Extend the same invitation to your subjects. I am sending my cousin Jaffer (R.A.A.) with the other Muslims. When they reach you, treat them hospitably, by setting aside the vanity and pride of a ruler.

Peace be on him, who followed the right path.

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          SECOND LETTER TO THE KING OF ETHIOPIA

In the name Of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful

From Muhammad (S.A.W.) the Prophet of Allah to Negus, King of Ethiopia.

Peace be on him who follows the guidance. I praise Allah Who alone is to be worshipped. He is the Master of the entire universe. He is Sublime. Only He is the haven of peace and security. I testify that Isa (Jesus)son of Mariam (Mary) is the spirit of Allah and His word, which He communed to Mariam (Mary) the pious and thus she became the mother of Allah's Prophet Isa(A.S.).Thus Allah created him from His spirit and infused it into Mariam just as He made Adam (A.S.) with His powerful hand.

Now I invite you to accept the obedience, sympathy, and love of Allah Who is One and Who is without an associate. You should follow me and should believe in the message of Allah which I have brought.

I call you and your army towards Allah Who is worthy of all respect and esteem. I have thus discharged my duty of conveying His message and advice. You should accept it, May peace be on the followers of the guidance.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: As Negus continued to listen to the holy message, he was being influenced by it. As soon as the holy text was over, he kissed the letter with extreme fondness and placed it over his head. He sent the following reply:

To Muhammad, Prophet of Allah. May peace be on him.

From As'hama. the Negus.

May peace be on you 0 Prophet of Allah! May blessings and favours of Allah be on you. Allah, except Whom there is none worthy of worship, Who has shown me the way of Islam and has guided me.

O Prophet of Allah ! I had the honour of seeing your esteemed letter. Whatever you have written about Isa Jesus (A.S.) I swear by the Allah, Lord of earth and Heaven, that Isa (A.S.) is nothing more than that. I have well understood all these things which you have conveyed to me. Your cousin and his companions are my close companions.

I bear evidence that you are a true Prophet of Allah. I have taken bai'at (oath of allegiance to Allah and His Prophet) at the hand of your cousin, for the sake of Allah and have become a slave of Islam. O Allah's Prophet! I send my son Arha to you. If you will so order, I will present myself to you. May peace and blessings of Allah be on you.
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THIRD LETTER TO THE KING OF ETHIOPIA

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful

May peace be on you. You treated us nicely. We have complete trust in you. The thing, we had hoped from you, has been realized and are safe and sound from the thing, we had feared. There is no capability (to do a thing) except from Allah.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: The main object in sending the letter was to call back the refugees to Medinah. The Negus is stated have kept the holy letters in an ivory casket and said that as long as the holy letters were there, the people of Ethiopia should be safe and secure.

LETTER TO HERACLES CAESAR

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate and Merciful

From Muhammad, who is the servant of Allah and His Prophet to Heracles Caesar.

Peace be on him, who follows the right path.

After this, I invite you to the fold of Islam. Therefore, if you desire security, accept Islam. If you accept Islam, Allah shall reward you doubly and if you refuse to do so, the responsibility for the transgression of the entire nation, shall be yours.

O people of the Book! Leaving aside all matters of differences and disputes, agree on a thing, which is equally incontrovertible both as you and we are concerned and it is that we should not worship any one else with Him, nor regard any one else except Allah as our Sustainer.

If you deny this, you must know that we believe in Oneness of Allah, in all circumstances.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: Just as in our time, there are two most powerful States which call themselves 'Super' powers; in the time of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) there were two most powerful States: One was Iran and the other Rome or Byzantium or Constantinople. The former was the biggest state of Asia and a cradle of a great civilisation. It was towards the east of Arabia. Towards the north west was the Roman Empire. The two States were contiguous. Rome is at present the Capital of Italy. The Arabs called Byzantium by the name of Rome.

Some years back when this letter was sent, the Iranians attacked Syria and defeated the Romans. There is a reference to it in the Quran. The Romans, in order to avenge themselves, made big preparations and defeated the Iranians. Although the Iranians were at that time very powerful and the Romans did seem to have a chance of a victory against them, the Quran prophesied a clear triumph for the Romans. Heracles came to Jerusalem in token of his gratefulness, It was here that he received the letter of the Holy Prophet(S.A.W.). He ordered that somebody from Arabia, should be presented before him. Per chance Abu Sufyan was staying at Ghaza with his merchandise. The men of Caesar brought him from Ghaza.

Caesar held a grand court. He donned a Crown and sat on his throne. Then addressing the Arabs, he enquired as to who was the relative of the person who claimed himself to be a Prophet. Abu Sufyan said that he was related to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.). The following dialogue then took place:

Caesar: To what sort of family does the Claimant to Prophethood belong?

Abu Sufyan: Is noble.

Caesar: Did some one else in the family claim Prophethood?

Abu Sufyan: No.

Caesar: Did someone from the family happen to be a King?

Abu Sufyan: No.

Caesar: Are the people who have accepted this religion, poor or influential?

Abu Sufyan: They are poor people.

Caesar: Are his followers growing in number or decreasing?

Abu Sufyan: They are growing.

Caesar: Have you ever experienced an untruthfulness from him?

Abu Sufyan: No.

Caesar: Does he ever break a promise or agreement?

Abu Sufyan: Thus far he has never done it. But it is to be seen if he adheres to the new peace pact which has been oncluded.

Caesar: Have you ever fought a battle against him?

Abu Sufyan: Yes.

Caesar: What was the result of the battle?

Abu Sufyan: Sometime we were victorious and sometime he was successful.

Caesar: What does he teach?

Abu Sufyan: He says, "Worship One God -- Allah. Associate none else with Allah. Say prayers. Take to piety. Speak the truth. Treat relatives with kindness.

After this dialogue Caesar remarked that the Prophets always belonged to noble families. Further he said that as nobody else from the family of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) laid claim to Prophethood, it was, therefore, clear that there was no hereditary influence involved in his claim to Prophethood. Similarly absence of any king in the family, proved that the Holy Prophet was not prompted by a desire of kingship. As He never spoke a lie, he could hardly be expected to lie about Allah. Caesar further observed that the followers of the Prophets, in the beginning, are poor and that a true religion goes on making progress. Also Prophets never cheat anybody. As he preached piety, cleanliness and worship of Allah alone, he should one day be a master of the place, he (Caesar) was occupying. Thereafter Caesar ordered that the letter of Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) be read.

The dialogue of Caesar, with Abu Sufyan, highly enraged the courtiers. The Caesar, therefore, sent away the Arabs from the court. The love of crown and throne and the opposition of the courtiers, however, did not allow Caesar to accept Islam. But his searching questions and his talk clearly show that he was convinced of the truthfulness of Islam, as he had correctly judged that a person who never in his life, uttered even a trifling lie, could hardly say anything wrong about Allah. He was also certain that worldly riches, splendour and ascendancy were not the aims and objects of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.), but the communication of he message of Islam to the entire world, was his mission.

When Caesar was about to return to Constantinople, he again advised his courtiers to follow the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) as he was the one, they were awaiting. He further mentioned that their books contained the description of the Holy Prophet, Muhammad (S.A.W.), and these clearly and unequivocally indicate that he was the true Prophet of Allah. It was, therefore, in their own interest to follow the guidance given by the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.).

The courtiers, however, said that it would mean their acceptance of the over lordship of the Arabs, although their's was the biggest kingdom of the world and their nation the greatest nation of the world. Caesar, thereon, said that although they were not prepared to accept Islam then very shortly they would be overpowered by the Arabs. He was much displeased by the arrogant attitude of the courtiers and immediately left Syria. While departing he looked at the Syrian territory and said that he was leaving Syria for ever. And it was true, he was never to return to Syria.'

LETTER TO THE VICEGERENT OF EGYPT

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad Servant of Allah and His Prophet

To Muqawqis, Vicegerent of Egypt

Peace be on him who has taken the right course. Thereafter, I invite you to accept Islam. Therefore, if you want security, accept Islam. If you accept Islam, Allah, the Sublime, shall reward you doubly. But if you refuse to do so, responsibility for the transgression of the entire nation shall be yours.

0 people of the Book! leaving aside all matters of difference and dispute, agree on a matter which is equally consistent between you and us and it is that we should not worship anyone except Allah and that we should neither associate anyone with Him, nor make anyone else as our god.

If you refuse it, you must know that we, in all circumstances, believe in Oneness of Allah.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: Muqawqis who was appointed as vicegerent of Egypt by the Roman Empire. He was a great scholar of his religion. Egypt had always been a great centre of civilisation and made great advances in various branches of art and astrology. It was also a commercial link between East and West. But like Iran, Egypt had also become morally depraved.

Muqawqis was highly affected by the sincerity of the letter and he remarked that it was the time that the awaited Prophet appeared, but that he was under the impression that he would be born in Syria. He further observed that from Torah and Bible, he had come to know that the Prophet would not eat of charity, but would accept presents and that the poor and indigent would be his companions. He ordered that the Holy letter should be placed in an ivory casket which should be preserved safely in the government treasury. He sent the following reply to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.).

TO MUHAMMAD SON OF ABDULLAH

From Muqawqis

"I read your letter and understood what you have written. I know that the coming of a Prophet is still due. But I thought, he would be born in Syria -- I have treated your messenger with respect and honour. I am sending two maids for you as presents. These maids belong to a very respectable family amongst us. In addition I send for you clothes and a duldul (steed) for riding. May Allah bestow security on you.'"

Note: Just as Caesar could not benefit from the light of Islam; power and lust pulled him back from availing himself of the blessings of Islam. The gifts sent by Muqawqis were accepted by the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.).

The letter which was placed in an ivory casket by Muqawqis, found its way into the Christian monastery of Akheem in Egypt. There a recluse pasted it on his Bible. The letter was written on a parchment. From there a French orientalist obtained it and sold it to Sultan Abdul Majeed Khan of Turkey, for a consideration of 300 Pounds. The Sultan had the Holy letter fixed in a golden frame and had it preserved in the treasury of the royal palace, along with other sacred relics.

High Muslim scholars have affirmed that the Holy letter was written by as high and sacred a personality as Abu Bakr Siddiq (R.A.A.).

Muqawqis, like Caesar, too had a dialogue with Mugheera bin Sh'oba, an exalted companion of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.). Mugheera (R.A.A.) said: "Once I went to the court of Muqawqis, who enquired of me, about the family of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.). I informed him that he belonged to a high and noble family. Muqawqis remarked that Prophets always belong to noble families. Then he asked if I had an experience of the truthfulness of the Prophet (S.A.W.). I told that he always spoke the truth. Therefore, in spite of our opposition to him, we call him Ameen (truthworthy). Muqawqis observed that a man who did not speak lies to men, how could he speak a lie about Allah? Then he enquired what sort of people were his followers and what did the Jews think of him. I replied that his followers were mostly poor, but the Jews were his bitter enemies. Muqawqis stated that the followers of the Prophets in the beginning are usually poor, and that he must be a , Prophet of Allah. He further stated that the Jews opposed him out of envy and jealousy, otherwise they must have been certain of his, truthfulness and that they too awaited a Prophet. The Messiah
(A.S.) also preached that following and submitting to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) was essential and that whatever qualities of his had been mentioned, the same were the qualities of the earlier Prophets.

Mugheera (R.A.A.) was highly impressed by the dialogue. On his return from Egypt, he happened to meet a great Christian scholar, from whom he enquired if he awaited a Prophet, and if so, what qualities of his were mentioned in Torah and Bible? The Christian scholar informed him in detail that indeed they awaited a Prophet, and he would be the last Prophet. Messiah (A.S.) preached to them that when that Prophet appeared, they would follow him. He further preached that the Prophet would be illiterate and an Arab and his name would be Ahmad and his features and characteristics would be as follows:

"Middling height; big eyes with red capillaries showing in them, his complexion would be red and white. He would use coarse clothes and eat ordinary food. He would not be afraid of the greatest power; whoever would fight against him, he would face him. His companions would be prepared to sacrifice their lives at his slightest indication, and would regard him dearer than their own offsprings, mothers, fathers and brothers. From one harem he would stay in another Harem whose land would be rocky and where date-palms would be growing in abundance. His faith would be that of Ibrahim (A.S.)! He shall not adopt the way of the arrogant. His Prophethood shall be for all. The entire earth shall be his prayer Carpet".

Mugheera was so moved by talks that he went to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) and accepted Islam.

LETTER TO HARIS GHASSANI, KING OF DAMISHQ (DAMASCUS)

In the name OF ALLAH the Compassionate, the Merciful

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah --

To Haris Bin Abi Shimr

Peace be on him who follows the right path, believes in it and regards it as true.

I invite you to believe in One Allah, who has no associate. Your country would remain with you.'
Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: Haris, the King of Syria, belonged to Ghassani family of Arabia, which had settled in Syria towards the end of the 2nd century A.D. and by and by established its rule over the country.

Shuja (R.A.A.) had the honour of taking the letter to Haris, happened to meet Muree, a courtier of the King. Muree enquired of Shuja, about the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) and was highly moved by the account of the Holy Prophet. He remarked that exactly the same account of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) was to be found in the Bible. He, therefore, accepted Islam but warned Shuja, not to mention his acceptance of Islam to any body.

Muree mentioned Shuja to the King, who called Shuja to his court and had the letter read. He was highly infuriated after listening to the letter and said, "who dares even look towards my country"? He ordered his army to make preparations. On his return, Haris gave an account of his meeting to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) who said, "In his arrogance of kingship, he has declined to accept Islam, but his rule shall not last". Under the leadership of Caesar, Haris started war against Islam, soon after the victory of Mecca, but ultimately the Ghassani rule was effaced from Syria in the 14th Hijra i.e. 625 A.D.

LETTER TO MUNZIR BIN SAWA,
GOVERNOR OF BAHRAIN

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From: Muhammad, Prophet of Allah --

To: Munzir bin Sawa

May peace be on you! I praise Allah, Who is One and there none to be worshipped but except Him. I bear evidence to the Oneness of Allah and that I am a servant of Allah and His Prophet.

Thereafter I remind you of Allah. Whoever accepts admonition, does it for his own good.

Whoever followed my messengers and acted in accordance their guidance; he, in fact, accepted my advice.

My messengers have highly praised your behaviour. You shall continue in your present office. You should remain faithful to and His Prophet.

I accept your recommendation regarding the people of Bahrain. I forgive the offences of the offenders. Therefore, you may also forgive them.

Of the people of Bahrain whoever want to continue in their Jewish or Majusi faith, should be made to pay Jizia.'

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

The above letter was written in reply to the following letter Munzir Bin Sawa:

11.(a) "Allah's Prophet! I received your injunctions. Prior to this, I have also seen the letter, you wrote to the people of Bahrain, extending to them an invitation to Islam. I accept Islam out of my own will.

Some of the people of Bahrain like Islam and entered the Islamic fold, while others continue in their old faith. In my country, there live Zoroastrians and Jews. You may inform me of the treatment which is to be extended to them".'

It may be mentioned here that Bahrain was under the jurisdiction of Iran in the 6th Century A.D. Munzir bin Sawa was the Iranian Governor of Bahrain. The latter received the message of Islam and accepted it.

SECOND LETTER TO MUNZIR

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate and the Merciful

Peace be on you. I am sending Abu Huraira and Qudama (R.A.A.) to you. You may hand over to them, whatever amount of Ush'r, Zakat and Jiziya, you have collected in your area.

Allah's Seal: Prophet Muhammad

LETTER TO JAIFER AND 'ABD, RULERS OF OMAN

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah--

To Jaifer and Abd.

Peace be on him who adopts the right course. There-after, I invite both of you to Islam. Embrace Islam. Therein lies security! Allah has sent me as a Prophet to his creatures, in order that I may instill fear of Allah in His disobedient creatures and thus there may be left no excuse for those who deny Allah.

My prophet hood is about to reach your country. If you two accept Islam, your country will, as usual, remain with you. But if you refuse or object, it is a perishable thing.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: Jaifer and 'Abd accepted Islam after a slight hesitation and said that the Prophet (S.A.W.), himself acted before ordering others to act and before prohibiting others from a thing, himself abstained from it. They further observed that if he attained victory, he was not proud; and overpowered, he did not deflect from his objective. They further said that the Prophet always fulfilled promises. They testified that he was the Prophet of Allah.

LETTER TO THE SUCCESSOR OF AS'HAMA THE NEGUS

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah -

To Negus, King of Ethiopia.

His Prophet (S.A.W.).

I bear witness that there is none to be worshipped except Allah. No one is His associate or partner. He does not stand in need of a wife or children. And I affirm that I am his servant and his Prophet.

I invite you to believe in Allah who is One. If you want security, accept Islam.

O people of the Book! Ignore all matters of difference and dispute, and agree to a thing to which you and we are equally committed, and it is that we should not worship anyone except Allah. And neither should we associate anyone else with Him nor should we regard anyone else as our Sustainer. If they object to it, tell them, "you will bear witness that we believe in Allah."'

If you will not accept these, the responsibility of the transgression of your Christian people shall be yours.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

The Negus did not accept Islam. He also did not send a reply to the letter.

LETTER TO THE KINGS OF HIMAYAR

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah--,

To Haris, etc.

May peace be on you, till you believe in Allah and His Prophet

Undoubtedly Allah is He Who is unique and Who has no associate. he sent Musa (Moses,A.S.) with miracles and created Isa (Jesus, A.S.) by His word. But the Jews say that "Uzair is son of Allah" and the Christians say that Isa (A.S.) is son of Allah and is one out of the three".

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: The Kings of Himyar after listening to the letter, gladly accepted Islam, sent a delegation to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) to communicate the news of their acceptance of Islam. The Himyar dynasty ruled over the southern part of Yemen, in the time of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.). Yemen then comprised the south Western portion of Arabia and its area was over 127 thousand square miles. The two brothers whom the Holy Prophet(S.A.W.) addressed a letter also ruled over parts of Yemen.

SECOND LETTER TO THE KINGS OF THE HIMYAR

'The Holy Prophet expressed his deep sense of joy at the acceptance of Islam by the Kings of Himyar and communicated to them injunctions about Zakat and Jizia in the letter that follows:

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah,

To Kings of Himyar

May peace be on you. I praise Allah, except Whom there is none to be worshipped.

Your messengers reached here at the time of my return from Room (Byzantium). They delivered your message; related details of your war against the infidels and conditions existing there. Allah has honoured you with His guidance. You should make the obedience of Allah and His Prophet obligatory on you.

Keep saying prayers, paying Zakat and fifth of the benefits gained in religious wars, for Allah and His Prophet.

Allah has fixed the payment of charity money on landed property and it is Ushr (One tenth of the produce in rainfed; and canal irrigated lands and in the case of well-irrigated lands, it is at the rate of half Ushr(One twentieth). As Zakat per 40 camels one she-camel; per 30 camels, one young camel; per 5 camels a goat and per 10 camels two goats, be given.

A young goat per 40 sheep, and goats. This is the rate of Zakat on cattle.

This rate of Zakat has been made obligatory on the Muslims. Whoever gives more than this, it is a source of more Sawa Recompense) for him.

But whoever pays the fixed amount; and proclaims his (acceptance of) Islam and helps the Muslims against infidels is a Muslim. Similarly all the duties and responsibilities of the Muslims shall be applicable to him.

For the fulfilment of this promise, I give the guarantee of Allah and His Prophet.

If a Jew or a Christian embraces Islam, he shall be treated in the same manner. Whoever wishes to continue in Jewish or Christian religion, shall not be forced to change his religion, but he shall have to pay Jiziya, the rate of which for each adult is one dinar, or its equivalent in value, cloth of the same value. Whoever shall pay this amount to the Prophet of Allah (S.A.W.), the responsibility for his protection shall be that of Allah and His Prophet. Whoever refuses Jiziya, shall be regarded as an enemy of Allah and His Prophet.'

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

LETTER TO UKAIDIR, RULER OF DUMAT-UL-JANDAL

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah --

To Ukaidir and people of Duma.

Now that they have embraced Islam and given up idol worship.

The lands of the ponds of Duma, non-agricultural lands, un-owned and nazool(state property) lands, armours and parts, shall be for us.

All rivers, springs, cultivated lands, trees, grass, etc., shall be the property of the people of Duma.

Zakat shall not be levied on cattle, except those which graze in meadows. Unaccounted for cattle, shall not be included in Zakat.

Prayers shall be offered on time, and Zakat paid honestly. faithfulness is assured from our side to which Allah and all the Muslims present, bear witness.

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: Dumatul Jandal, at present known as Jauf, a big caravan centre, is situated half way between Syria and Medinah. Kanana, a clan of Arabia lived there. Although the clan was Arab, it had accepted Christianity under the influence of the Roman Empire. Caesar had appointed Ukaidir as the ruler of Duma, on his behalf. Ukaidir embraced Islam gladly and voluntarily.

LETTERS TO THE POPE OF ROME

In the name Of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

Peace be on him, who believes in Allah. I am of the faith that Isa (Jesus A.S.) son of Mariam (Mary) was the spirit of Allah and His word! Allah infused him in the pious Mariam.

I believe in Allah, all His Books and His Commands which he sent to Me and which He sent to Ibrahim, Ismail, Ishaq and Yaqub (A.S.) and their descendants. I also believe in what was given to Musa and Isa (A.S.) and other prophets by Allah! In faith and belief, we do not differentiate in accepting any of the prophets. We are Muslims (meaning obedient to Allah) Peace be on him who follows the guidance.'

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: Along with the letter to Caesar, the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) had also sent a letter to the Pope. The latter testified to his Prophethood and observed, "No doubt, he is a true Prophet". Thereafter he addressed a congregation in the cathedral and informed the people that he had received a letter from the Arabian Prophet Ahmad (S.A.W.) who had invited them to accept the true faith of Allah, the One. He then testified that there is no god save Allah and that Ahmad (S.A.W.) was the servant and prophet of Allah. The people were highly infuriated to hear this truthful declaration and they beat him so much that he died.

LETTER TO THE JEWS OF KHYBER

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful

From Muhammad, the Prophet of Allah who is like Moosa (Moses A.S.) a prophet and messenger and he testifies to what Moosa (A.S.) had brought.

0 people of Torah, has Allah not stated in the Torah that "Muhammad (S.A.W.) is a Prophet of Allah. The people who will be with him, shall be harsh towards the enemies of Allah. And amongst themselves, they shall be kind and loving. They shall bow and prostrate before Allah. And they shall seek His bounty and goodwill".

I ask you to swear by Allah, who sent Torah for you and who made your forefathers eat 'mann, and 'Salva' and dried sea for them and rid them of the tyranny of pharaoh. It is not written in Torah that you should believe in me?

After the explanation about me in the Torah, do guidance and transgression become apparent?

Therefore I invite you towards Allah and His Prophet.'

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: The Jews and Christians knew well that a prophet would come and they were awaiting his appearance. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) was absolutely certain of the prophesy about him in the Torah.

LETTER TO THE CHIEF OF HAMDAN

In the name Of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah --

To Umair Zimaran

May peace be on you. I praise Allah, except whom there is none to be worshipped.

Thereafter; On return from Rome, I received the news about the acceptance of Islam by your tribe. Congratulations to the people of the Hamdan that Allah has honoured them with His guidance. Your people should make a declaration of Islam and that there is none to be worshipped except Allah and that Muhammad (S.A.W.) is His Prophet! Those who say their prayers and pay Zakat, shall be the responsibility of Allah and His Prophet. None shall be oppressed, or outraged. And whoever owns something, shall remain owner thereof.

It is not permissible for the Ahle bait (Kins) of the Prophet (S.A.W.) to accept any Charity. Malik bin Musara Ruhawi (R.A.) has delivered your message. I emphasise on you to treat him nicely. He is amongst the best people of his group'

Seal: Allah's Prophet Mohammad

Note: The above letter was sent on the occasion of the receipt of the good news that as a result of the preaching of Qais bin Malik who belonged to the Hamdan Tribe, the entire tribe embraced Islam. Earlier Qais had presented himself to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) and accepted Islam. He was deputed to preach Islam to his tribe.

LETTER TO MUSAILMA KAZZAB (THE LIAR)

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

From Muhammad, Prophet of Allah --

To Musailma Kazzab

Peace be on him, who follows guidance.

Land is that of Allah, Who makes, anyone of his men, whom He desires, its inheritor.

And good ending is for those who fear Allah'

Seal: Allah's Prophet Muhammad

Note: It has previously been mentioned that Hauza, the Governor of Yamama had written to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) that in case the Prophet was agreeable to include him in his government, he was ready to accept Islam. This demand was rejected by the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.). After the death of Hauza, Musailma succeeded him. Immediately thereafter he falsely declared himself a prophet and wrote to the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) that he had been associated in the prophethood and therefore, half the country should be given to him. In reply the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) had a verse of the Holy Quran from Surah A'raf written, translation of which appears above and had it sent to Musailma. Such a brief and yet so eloquent a reply, has no parallel.

Musailma was killed in a battle with Khalid bin Waleed (R.A.A.), after the passing away of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.).